Bucket Elevator Manufacturer In Kolkata

Business listings of Bucket Elevator Bucket Lift manufacturers suppliers and exporters in Kolkata West Bengal along with their contact details address Find here Bucket Elevator Bucket Lift suppliers manufacturers wholesalers traders with Bucket Elevator prices for buying

Manufacturer of Bucket Elevators offered by Loknath Engineering Kolkata West Bengal

Bucket elevators have proven themselves for vertical transport of many and diverse bulk materials for decades As a market leader DECOL successfully established the belt bucket elevator technology in the market more than decades ago Belt bucket elevators were consistently developed in the past and enable the highest possible conveying

Heading Bucket Elevator Belt Manufacturers City Kolkata Results Biswas Rubber and Allied Products Involvements Nylon Conveyor Manufacturers Biswas Rubber and Allied Products Manufacturers near me with phone number reviews and address

Business listings of Elevators Lifts manufacturers suppliers and exporters in Kolkata West Bengal along with their contact details address Find here Elevators Lifts suppliers manufacturers wholesalers traders with Elevators prices for buying

As a leading manufacturer and trader of Bucket Elevator we have been recognized as a trusted name in the market at present scenario It comes with finest of the raw materials along with upgraded tools and technique involved in the construction of the belt It has high strength superior resistance to

But what sets us apart from others is the quality and service We provide our customers the opportunity to fulfill their requirements MSA was established in 1995 Now our elevator company has become one of the best elevator companies in Kolkata as well as West Bengal The elevator company has an assortment of solutions to offer to the

Find here information of Bucket Elevators selling companies for your buy requirements Contact verified Bucket Elevators Manufacturers Bucket Elevators suppliers Bucket Elevators exporters wholesalers producers retailers and traders in India

NATIONAL ENGINEERING WORKS is manufacturer and supplier of conveyor chainbucket elevator chainscraper chain round link chain based in Kolkata West Bengal India

Bucket Elevator Chain Manufacturer Golden Engineering is a recognized name for bucket elevator chain manufacturer in Howrah Kolkata India Our Bucket Elevator Chain is preparing highquality material and as per customer drawing and specification

TGP PACKAGING PVT LTD Manufacturer and Supplier of Bucket Elevator based in Kolkata West BengalIndia Inquire us for highly durable Bucket Elevator

Bucket Elevator Manufacturer Of Howrah We are a largescale manufacturer specializing in producing various mining machines including different types of sand and gravel equipment milling equipment mineral processing equipment and building materials equipment

Manufacturer of Bucket Elevator offered by Energy Services Kolkata West Bengal Manufacturer of Bucket Elevator offered by Energy Services Kolkata West Bengal Energy Services Near To Central Metro Gate No6 Kolkata West Bengal SEND SMS SEND EMAIL

Bucket Elevator Chain Manufacturer Golden Engineering is a recognized name for bucket elevator chain manufacturer in Howrah Kolkata India Our Bucket Elevator Chain is preparing highquality material and as per customer drawing and specification

Simcon Group of Industries Manufacturer of lift parts bucket elevators kone elevators in Kolkata West Bengal

Jul 16 2019 · As a well known manufacturer exporter trader and supplier we are offering optimum quality Elevator Bucket to our customers Made of well chosen HDPE or nylon or PU material the product is available with deep bottom and medium bottom design Particularly developed for agricultural application purpose this bucket is manufactured with thick

Manufacturer of RME Bucket Elevators RME PVC Elevator Bucket PVC Elevator Bucket RME M S Bucket Elevators offered by Golden Machinery Kolkata West Bengal Manufacturer of RME Bucket Elevators RME PVC Elevator Bucket PVC Elevator Bucket RME M S Bucket Elevators offered by Golden Machinery Kolkata West Bengal

Established in 1996 ENGINEERS AND DEVELOPERS has made a name for itself in the list of top suppliers of Bucket Elevator in India The supplier company is located in Kolkata West Bengal and is one of the leading sellers of listed products ENGINEERS AND DEVELOPERS is listed in Trade Indias list of verified sellers offering supreme quality of Bucket Elevator etc Buy Bucket Elevator in bulk

Sun Elevators offering Bucket Elevator Bucket Lift बकेट लिफ्ट at Rs 435000 unit in Kolkata West Bengal Read about company and get contact details and address ID 15898696762 Nature of Business Manufacturer Number of Employees Upto 10 People

Find here information of Bucket Elevators selling companies for your buy requirements Contact verified Bucket Elevators Manufacturers Bucket Elevators suppliers Bucket Elevators exporters wholesalers producers retailers and traders in India

Find here information of Elevator Bucket selling companies for your buy requirements Contact verified Elevator Bucket Manufacturers Elevator Bucket suppliers Elevator Bucket exporters wholesalers producers retailers and traders in India

Z Type Elevator Bucket offered by Union Stores Suppliers a leading supplier of Elevator Bucket in China Bazar Kolkata West Bengal The Company was incorporated in 1960 and is registered with IndiaMART ID 12402150397

Avalani Engineering Corporation offering Bucket Elevator Belt in Lord Shiva Road Kolkata West Bengal Get contact details address map on Indiamart ID 4530811048

Manufacturer of Bucket Elevator Chain Bucket Elevator Link Chain Ends Bucket U Bolt Chain Bow Link Heavy Duty Elevator Chains and Steel Bush Elevator Chain offered by National Engineering Works Kolkata West Bengal

NATIONAL ENGINEERING WORKS is manufacturer and supplier of Bucket Elevator Link Chain ends in Kolkata company offering Bucket Elevator Link Chain ends with good quality and reasonable price

Manufacturer of Bucket Elevator offered by Energy Services Kolkata West Bengal Manufacturer of Bucket Elevator offered by Energy Services Kolkata West Bengal Energy Services Near To Central Metro Gate No6 Kolkata West Bengal SEND SMS SEND EMAIL

Kalpataru is a leading Manufacturer Exporter and Supplier of Bucket Elevators From Kolkata in India and is a well known brand in eastern India with our HighQuality Bucket Elevators Manufacturing facilities based out of Kolkata

Kalpataru is a leading manufacturer and exporter of Bucket Elevators and Vertical Conveyors in India and is a well known brand in eastern India with our manufacturing facilities based out of Kolkata

Bucket Elevators Manufacturer Supplier Exporter In We Kalpataru Engineers Industries is an engineering company fulfilling the requirement of equipment and machinery as the prominent leading Manufacturer Supplier and Exporter of Bucket Elevators based In B B Ganguli Street Kolkata West Bengal India See Details

NATIONAL ENGINEERING WORKS is manufacturer and supplier of conveyor chainbucket elevator chainscraper chain round link chain based in Kolkata West Bengal India

rubber conveyor belt manufacturers kolkata postcher pentagonrubber Pentagon Rubber Private Ltd Manufacturers Suppliers and Exporters of Belt Bucket Elevators Belt Bucket Elevator Bucket Elevator Belts Rubber Conveyor Belt Dino Metal Rubber Conveyor Belt offered by Dino Metal Industries a leading supplier of Rubber Conveyor Belt in

NATIONAL ENGINEERING WORKS is manufacturer and supplier of Bucket Elevator Link Chain ends in Kolkata company offering Bucket Elevator Link Chain ends with good quality and reasonable price

Find here Bucket Elevator Bucket Lift manufacturers suppliers exporters in India Get contact details address of companies manufacturing and supplying Bucket Elevator Bucket Lift across India

Find details of companies offering plastic elevator bucket at best price Listed manufacturers suppliers dealers exporters are offering best deals for plastic elevator bucket

Home elevator need to be completely safe so our Thyssenkrupp Home Elevators are certified by TUV and complies to Machine directive 2006 42 EC En 81 – 41 The above said codes look into 194 parameters of safety which is strictly followed in all the developed countries unfortunately in INDIA we do not have any standard for home elevator

We are offering Dust Collector Commercial Boiler Belt Conveyor Industrial Fan Bucket Elevator Boiler Spares Stream Accessories Water Treatment Vessel Plate Heat Exchanger Factory Shed Air Preheater Screw Feeder Pressure Reducing Station and Effluent Treatment Plant

From worldleading elevators to escalators and more Otis Elevator Company are dedicated to reinventing the way you move Find out more now

offers 101 plastic buckets kolkata products There are 11 plastic buckets kolkata suppliers mainly located in Asia The top supplying country or region is India which supply 100 of plastic buckets kolkata respectively Plastic buckets kolkata products are most popular in Southeast Asia South Asia and Africa

Business listings of Bucket Elevator Bucket Lift manufacturers suppliers and exporters in Kolkata West Bengal along with their contact details address Find here Bucket Elevator Bucket Lift suppliers manufacturers wholesalers traders with Bucket Elevator prices for buying

Manufacturer of Bucket Elevators offered by Loknath Engineering Kolkata West Bengal

Bucket elevators have proven themselves for vertical transport of many and diverse bulk materials for decades As a market leader DECOL successfully established the belt bucket elevator technology in the market more than decades ago Belt bucket elevators were consistently developed in the past and enable the highest possible conveying

Heading Bucket Elevator Belt Manufacturers City Kolkata Results Biswas Rubber and Allied Products Involvements Nylon Conveyor Manufacturers Biswas Rubber and Allied Products Manufacturers near me with phone number reviews and address

Business listings of Elevators Lifts manufacturers suppliers and exporters in Kolkata West Bengal along with their contact details address Find here Elevators Lifts suppliers manufacturers wholesalers traders with Elevators prices for buying

As a leading manufacturer and trader of Bucket Elevator we have been recognized as a trusted name in the market at present scenario It comes with finest of the raw materials along with upgraded tools and technique involved in the construction of the belt It has high strength superior resistance to

But what sets us apart from others is the quality and service We provide our customers the opportunity to fulfill their requirements MSA was established in 1995 Now our elevator company has become one of the best elevator companies in Kolkata as well as West Bengal The elevator company has an assortment of solutions to offer to the

Find here information of Bucket Elevators selling companies for your buy requirements Contact verified Bucket Elevators Manufacturers Bucket Elevators suppliers Bucket Elevators exporters wholesalers producers retailers and traders in India

NATIONAL ENGINEERING WORKS is manufacturer and supplier of conveyor chainbucket elevator chainscraper chain round link chain based in Kolkata West Bengal India

Bucket Elevator Chain Manufacturer Golden Engineering is a recognized name for bucket elevator chain manufacturer in Howrah Kolkata India Our Bucket Elevator Chain is preparing highquality material and as per customer drawing and specification

TGP PACKAGING PVT LTD Manufacturer and Supplier of Bucket Elevator based in Kolkata West BengalIndia Inquire us for highly durable Bucket Elevator

Bucket Elevator Manufacturer Of Howrah We are a largescale manufacturer specializing in producing various mining machines including different types of sand and gravel equipment milling equipment mineral processing equipment and building materials equipment

Manufacturer of Bucket Elevator offered by Energy Services Kolkata West Bengal Manufacturer of Bucket Elevator offered by Energy Services Kolkata West Bengal Energy Services Near To Central Metro Gate No6 Kolkata West Bengal SEND SMS SEND EMAIL

Bucket Elevator Chain Manufacturer Golden Engineering is a recognized name for bucket elevator chain manufacturer in Howrah Kolkata India Our Bucket Elevator Chain is preparing highquality material and as per customer drawing and specification

Simcon Group of Industries Manufacturer of lift parts bucket elevators kone elevators in Kolkata West Bengal

Jul 16 2019 · As a well known manufacturer exporter trader and supplier we are offering optimum quality Elevator Bucket to our customers Made of well chosen HDPE or nylon or PU material the product is available with deep bottom and medium bottom design Particularly developed for agricultural application purpose this bucket is manufactured with thick

Manufacturer of RME Bucket Elevators RME PVC Elevator Bucket PVC Elevator Bucket RME M S Bucket Elevators offered by Golden Machinery Kolkata West Bengal Manufacturer of RME Bucket Elevators RME PVC Elevator Bucket PVC Elevator Bucket RME M S Bucket Elevators offered by Golden Machinery Kolkata West Bengal

Established in 1996 ENGINEERS AND DEVELOPERS has made a name for itself in the list of top suppliers of Bucket Elevator in India The supplier company is located in Kolkata West Bengal and is one of the leading sellers of listed products ENGINEERS AND DEVELOPERS is listed in Trade Indias list of verified sellers offering supreme quality of Bucket Elevator etc Buy Bucket Elevator in bulk

Sun Elevators offering Bucket Elevator Bucket Lift बकेट लिफ्ट at Rs 435000 unit in Kolkata West Bengal Read about company and get contact details and address ID 15898696762 Nature of Business Manufacturer Number of Employees Upto 10 People

Find here information of Bucket Elevators selling companies for your buy requirements Contact verified Bucket Elevators Manufacturers Bucket Elevators suppliers Bucket Elevators exporters wholesalers producers retailers and traders in India

Find here information of Elevator Bucket selling companies for your buy requirements Contact verified Elevator Bucket Manufacturers Elevator Bucket suppliers Elevator Bucket exporters wholesalers producers retailers and traders in India

Z Type Elevator Bucket offered by Union Stores Suppliers a leading supplier of Elevator Bucket in China Bazar Kolkata West Bengal The Company was incorporated in 1960 and is registered with IndiaMART ID 12402150397

Avalani Engineering Corporation offering Bucket Elevator Belt in Lord Shiva Road Kolkata West Bengal Get contact details address map on Indiamart ID 4530811048

Manufacturer of Bucket Elevator Chain Bucket Elevator Link Chain Ends Bucket U Bolt Chain Bow Link Heavy Duty Elevator Chains and Steel Bush Elevator Chain offered by National Engineering Works Kolkata West Bengal

NATIONAL ENGINEERING WORKS is manufacturer and supplier of Bucket Elevator Link Chain ends in Kolkata company offering Bucket Elevator Link Chain ends with good quality and reasonable price

Manufacturer of Bucket Elevator offered by Energy Services Kolkata West Bengal Manufacturer of Bucket Elevator offered by Energy Services Kolkata West Bengal Energy Services Near To Central Metro Gate No6 Kolkata West Bengal SEND SMS SEND EMAIL

Kalpataru is a leading Manufacturer Exporter and Supplier of Bucket Elevators From Kolkata in India and is a well known brand in eastern India with our HighQuality Bucket Elevators Manufacturing facilities based out of Kolkata

Kalpataru is a leading manufacturer and exporter of Bucket Elevators and Vertical Conveyors in India and is a well known brand in eastern India with our manufacturing facilities based out of Kolkata

Bucket Elevators Manufacturer Supplier Exporter In We Kalpataru Engineers Industries is an engineering company fulfilling the requirement of equipment and machinery as the prominent leading Manufacturer Supplier and Exporter of Bucket Elevators based In B B Ganguli Street Kolkata West Bengal India See Details

NATIONAL ENGINEERING WORKS is manufacturer and supplier of conveyor chainbucket elevator chainscraper chain round link chain based in Kolkata West Bengal India

rubber conveyor belt manufacturers kolkata postcher pentagonrubber Pentagon Rubber Private Ltd Manufacturers Suppliers and Exporters of Belt Bucket Elevators Belt Bucket Elevator Bucket Elevator Belts Rubber Conveyor Belt Dino Metal Rubber Conveyor Belt offered by Dino Metal Industries a leading supplier of Rubber Conveyor Belt in

NATIONAL ENGINEERING WORKS is manufacturer and supplier of Bucket Elevator Link Chain ends in Kolkata company offering Bucket Elevator Link Chain ends with good quality and reasonable price

Find here Bucket Elevator Bucket Lift manufacturers suppliers exporters in India Get contact details address of companies manufacturing and supplying Bucket Elevator Bucket Lift across India

Find details of companies offering plastic elevator bucket at best price Listed manufacturers suppliers dealers exporters are offering best deals for plastic elevator bucket

Home elevator need to be completely safe so our Thyssenkrupp Home Elevators are certified by TUV and complies to Machine directive 2006 42 EC En 81 – 41 The above said codes look into 194 parameters of safety which is strictly followed in all the developed countries unfortunately in INDIA we do not have any standard for home elevator

We are offering Dust Collector Commercial Boiler Belt Conveyor Industrial Fan Bucket Elevator Boiler Spares Stream Accessories Water Treatment Vessel Plate Heat Exchanger Factory Shed Air Preheater Screw Feeder Pressure Reducing Station and Effluent Treatment Plant

From worldleading elevators to escalators and more Otis Elevator Company are dedicated to reinventing the way you move Find out more now

offers 101 plastic buckets kolkata products There are 11 plastic buckets kolkata suppliers mainly located in Asia The top supplying country or region is India which supply 100 of plastic buckets kolkata respectively Plastic buckets kolkata products are most popular in Southeast Asia South Asia and Africa

Business listings of Bucket Elevator Bucket Lift manufacturers suppliers and exporters in Kolkata West Bengal along with their contact details address Find here Bucket Elevator Bucket Lift suppliers manufacturers wholesalers traders with Bucket Elevator prices for buying

Manufacturer of Bucket Elevators offered by Loknath Engineering Kolkata West Bengal

Bucket elevators have proven themselves for vertical transport of many and diverse bulk materials for decades As a market leader DECOL successfully established the belt bucket elevator technology in the market more than decades ago Belt bucket elevators were consistently developed in the past and enable the highest possible conveying

Heading Bucket Elevator Belt Manufacturers City Kolkata Results Biswas Rubber and Allied Products Involvements Nylon Conveyor Manufacturers Biswas Rubber and Allied Products Manufacturers near me with phone number reviews and address

Business listings of Elevators Lifts manufacturers suppliers and exporters in Kolkata West Bengal along with their contact details address Find here Elevators Lifts suppliers manufacturers wholesalers traders with Elevators prices for buying

As a leading manufacturer and trader of Bucket Elevator we have been recognized as a trusted name in the market at present scenario It comes with finest of the raw materials along with upgraded tools and technique involved in the construction of the belt It has high strength superior resistance to

But what sets us apart from others is the quality and service We provide our customers the opportunity to fulfill their requirements MSA was established in 1995 Now our elevator company has become one of the best elevator companies in Kolkata as well as West Bengal The elevator company has an assortment of solutions to offer to the

Find here information of Bucket Elevators selling companies for your buy requirements Contact verified Bucket Elevators Manufacturers Bucket Elevators suppliers Bucket Elevators exporters wholesalers producers retailers and traders in India

NATIONAL ENGINEERING WORKS is manufacturer and supplier of conveyor chainbucket elevator chainscraper chain round link chain based in Kolkata West Bengal India

Bucket Elevator Chain Manufacturer Golden Engineering is a recognized name for bucket elevator chain manufacturer in Howrah Kolkata India Our Bucket Elevator Chain is preparing highquality material and as per customer drawing and specification

TGP PACKAGING PVT LTD Manufacturer and Supplier of Bucket Elevator based in Kolkata West BengalIndia Inquire us for highly durable Bucket Elevator

Bucket Elevator Manufacturer Of Howrah We are a largescale manufacturer specializing in producing various mining machines including different types of sand and gravel equipment milling equipment mineral processing equipment and building materials equipment

Manufacturer of Bucket Elevator offered by Energy Services Kolkata West Bengal Manufacturer of Bucket Elevator offered by Energy Services Kolkata West Bengal Energy Services Near To Central Metro Gate No6 Kolkata West Bengal SEND SMS SEND EMAIL

Bucket Elevator Chain Manufacturer Golden Engineering is a recognized name for bucket elevator chain manufacturer in Howrah Kolkata India Our Bucket Elevator Chain is preparing highquality material and as per customer drawing and specification

Simcon Group of Industries Manufacturer of lift parts bucket elevators kone elevators in Kolkata West Bengal

Jul 16 2019 · As a well known manufacturer exporter trader and supplier we are offering optimum quality Elevator Bucket to our customers Made of well chosen HDPE or nylon or PU material the product is available with deep bottom and medium bottom design Particularly developed for agricultural application purpose this bucket is manufactured with thick

Manufacturer of RME Bucket Elevators RME PVC Elevator Bucket PVC Elevator Bucket RME M S Bucket Elevators offered by Golden Machinery Kolkata West Bengal Manufacturer of RME Bucket Elevators RME PVC Elevator Bucket PVC Elevator Bucket RME M S Bucket Elevators offered by Golden Machinery Kolkata West Bengal

Established in 1996 ENGINEERS AND DEVELOPERS has made a name for itself in the list of top suppliers of Bucket Elevator in India The supplier company is located in Kolkata West Bengal and is one of the leading sellers of listed products ENGINEERS AND DEVELOPERS is listed in Trade Indias list of verified sellers offering supreme quality of Bucket Elevator etc Buy Bucket Elevator in bulk

Sun Elevators offering Bucket Elevator Bucket Lift बकेट लिफ्ट at Rs 435000 unit in Kolkata West Bengal Read about company and get contact details and address ID 15898696762 Nature of Business Manufacturer Number of Employees Upto 10 People

Find here information of Bucket Elevators selling companies for your buy requirements Contact verified Bucket Elevators Manufacturers Bucket Elevators suppliers Bucket Elevators exporters wholesalers producers retailers and traders in India

Find here information of Elevator Bucket selling companies for your buy requirements Contact verified Elevator Bucket Manufacturers Elevator Bucket suppliers Elevator Bucket exporters wholesalers producers retailers and traders in India

Z Type Elevator Bucket offered by Union Stores Suppliers a leading supplier of Elevator Bucket in China Bazar Kolkata West Bengal The Company was incorporated in 1960 and is registered with IndiaMART ID 12402150397

Avalani Engineering Corporation offering Bucket Elevator Belt in Lord Shiva Road Kolkata West Bengal Get contact details address map on Indiamart ID 4530811048

Manufacturer of Bucket Elevator Chain Bucket Elevator Link Chain Ends Bucket U Bolt Chain Bow Link Heavy Duty Elevator Chains and Steel Bush Elevator Chain offered by National Engineering Works Kolkata West Bengal

NATIONAL ENGINEERING WORKS is manufacturer and supplier of Bucket Elevator Link Chain ends in Kolkata company offering Bucket Elevator Link Chain ends with good quality and reasonable price

Manufacturer of Bucket Elevator offered by Energy Services Kolkata West Bengal Manufacturer of Bucket Elevator offered by Energy Services Kolkata West Bengal Energy Services Near To Central Metro Gate No6 Kolkata West Bengal SEND SMS SEND EMAIL

Kalpataru is a leading Manufacturer Exporter and Supplier of Bucket Elevators From Kolkata in India and is a well known brand in eastern India with our HighQuality Bucket Elevators Manufacturing facilities based out of Kolkata

Kalpataru is a leading manufacturer and exporter of Bucket Elevators and Vertical Conveyors in India and is a well known brand in eastern India with our manufacturing facilities based out of Kolkata

Bucket Elevators Manufacturer Supplier Exporter In We Kalpataru Engineers Industries is an engineering company fulfilling the requirement of equipment and machinery as the prominent leading Manufacturer Supplier and Exporter of Bucket Elevators based In B B Ganguli Street Kolkata West Bengal India See Details

NATIONAL ENGINEERING WORKS is manufacturer and supplier of conveyor chainbucket elevator chainscraper chain round link chain based in Kolkata West Bengal India

rubber conveyor belt manufacturers kolkata postcher pentagonrubber Pentagon Rubber Private Ltd Manufacturers Suppliers and Exporters of Belt Bucket Elevators Belt Bucket Elevator Bucket Elevator Belts Rubber Conveyor Belt Dino Metal Rubber Conveyor Belt offered by Dino Metal Industries a leading supplier of Rubber Conveyor Belt in

NATIONAL ENGINEERING WORKS is manufacturer and supplier of Bucket Elevator Link Chain ends in Kolkata company offering Bucket Elevator Link Chain ends with good quality and reasonable price

Find here Bucket Elevator Bucket Lift manufacturers suppliers exporters in India Get contact details address of companies manufacturing and supplying Bucket Elevator Bucket Lift across India

Find details of companies offering plastic elevator bucket at best price Listed manufacturers suppliers dealers exporters are offering best deals for plastic elevator bucket

Home elevator need to be completely safe so our Thyssenkrupp Home Elevators are certified by TUV and complies to Machine directive 2006 42 EC En 81 – 41 The above said codes look into 194 parameters of safety which is strictly followed in all the developed countries unfortunately in INDIA we do not have any standard for home elevator

We are offering Dust Collector Commercial Boiler Belt Conveyor Industrial Fan Bucket Elevator Boiler Spares Stream Accessories Water Treatment Vessel Plate Heat Exchanger Factory Shed Air Preheater Screw Feeder Pressure Reducing Station and Effluent Treatment Plant

From worldleading elevators to escalators and more Otis Elevator Company are dedicated to reinventing the way you move Find out more now

offers 101 plastic buckets kolkata products There are 11 plastic buckets kolkata suppliers mainly located in Asia The top supplying country or region is India which supply 100 of plastic buckets kolkata respectively Plastic buckets kolkata products are most popular in Southeast Asia South Asia and Africa